Fixed-direction voltage translators are electronic components designed to interface between different voltage levels in digital circuits. These devices are typically produced by semiconductor companies such as Texas Instruments (USA), NXP Semiconductors (Netherlands), and ON Semiconductor (USA). They serve industries like industrial automation, automotive, and consumer electronics by ensuring signal integrity and level shifting between logic families (e.g., 3.3V to 5V). Key products include unidirectional translators like the TXB0108 (TI) and 74LVC1T45 (NXP), commonly used in PLCs, sensors, and communication modules. Brands like TI and NXP provide solutions with features like bidirectional compatibility, low power consumption, and ESD protection for robust industrial applications.