I/O modules, or Input/Output modules, are essential components in industrial automation systems, manufactured by various companies worldwide. These modules are produced by leading industrial automation brands such as Siemens (Germany), Rockwell Automation (USA), Schneider Electric (France), and Mitsubishi Electric (Japan). They serve industries like manufacturing, energy, and process control by facilitating communication between sensors, actuators, and control systems. Key products include digital I/O modules, analog I/O modules, and communication modules, which integrate with PLCs (Programmable Logic Controllers) and other industrial control systems to enhance operational efficiency and reliability.